MEDICINE
Bachelor	TR-NQF-HE: Level 6	QF-EHEA: First Cycle	EQF-LLL: Level 6

Course Introduction and Application Information

Course Code	Course Name	Semester	Theoretical	Practical	Credit	ECTS
POL4343	Comparative Democratization	Spring	3	0	3	6

This catalog is for information purposes. Course status is determined by the relevant department at the beginning of semester.

Basic information

Language of instruction:	English
Type of course:	Non-Departmental Elective
Course Level:	Bachelor’s Degree (First Cycle)
Mode of Delivery:	Hybrid
Course Coordinator :	Assoc. Prof. ESRA ALBAYRAKOĞLU
Course Lecturer(s):	Dr. Öğr. Üyesi YÜKSEL ALPER ECEVİT
Recommended Optional Program Components:	None
Course Objectives:	This course deals with the democratization literature in the comparative political studies which emerged in the 1960s and which has reached the present time with a particular focus on the effects of the rising right-wing populism over democratic backsliding. The first few weeks will revisit what democracy is and entails, a theme that is familiar to the students from their previous courses. Then the course will go further and examine the different conceptions of democracy based on the identification of various layers by prominent theorists. Types of dictatorships will be analysed afterwards since the term ‘democratization’ implies the existence of a prior regime which is not democratic. Then the different theories of democratization, namely the Modernization Theory, Historical Sociology, and Transition Theories will be examined. A relatively new phenomenon labelled “competitive authoritarianism”, “authoritarian populism”, “right-wing populism” and so on by many scholars, which is thought to be the consequence of the crisis of representative democracy in the harsh times of globalization, will be dealt with too. The four weeks that will precede the last lecture will be assigned to students’ presentations.

Learning Outcomes

The students who have succeeded in this course;
The students who have succeeded in this course;
I. Understand political regime definitions, and distinguish various procedures, and principles of democratic regime types forwarded by different political scientists.
II. Identify main causes of democracy and distinguish main approaches to democratization such as modernization, cultural, structural and political transitions approaches.
III. Acquire the ability to critically engage with these conceptual frameworks (named above) that aim to explain democracy and democratization
IV. Attain competence to understand and analyze the workings of principal democratic institutions such as forms of democratic government (presidential-parliamentary), party systems and electoral systems
V. Compare the impact of these different democratic political institutional clusters to democratic regime maintenance, stability, and consolidation.

Course Content

Democracy: definitional issues; Single and multidimensional conceptions of democracy; Types of dictatorships; Theories of democratization; Globalization, Competitive Authoritarianism, Authoritarian Populism

Weekly Detailed Course Contents

Week	Subject	Related Preparation
1)	Introduction to the course
2)	Democracy: Definitional Issues I
3)	Democracy: Definitional Issues II
4)	Single- and multi-dimensional conceptions of democracy
5)	Types of dictatorships
6)	Theories of Democratization I
7)	WRAP UP & Q/A
8)	Theories of Democratization II
9)	Globalization, Competitive Authoritarianism, Authoritarian Populism
10)	Presentations
11)	Presentations
12)	Presentations
13)	Presentations
14)	WRAP UP & Q/A

Sources

Course Notes / Textbooks:

Philip J. Adler and Randal Pouwels (2006) World Civilizations Belmont: Thomson Wadsworth
Andrew Heywood (2013) Politics 4th Edition New York: Palgrave Macmillan
Robert Dahl (1971) Polyarchy: Participation and Opposition Yale University Press
Samuel Huntington (1991) ‘Democracy’s Third Wave’, Journal of Democracy 2(2), pp. 12-34.
Philippe Schmitter and Terry Lynn Karl (1994) ‘What Democracy Is… And Is Not’, Journal of Democracy 2(3), pp. 75-88.
Juan Linz and Alfred Stepan (1996) Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press
S. Martin Lipset (1959) ‘Some Social Requisites of Democracy’, American Political Science Review 53(1), pp. 69-105.
Gabriel Almond and Sidney Verba (1980) The Civic Culture Revisited Boston: Little Brown
Adam Przeworski and Fernando Limongi (1997) ‘Modernization: Theories and Facts’, World Politics 49(2), pp. 155-184
Barrington Moore (1993) Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy Beacon Press
Dietrich Rueschemeyer, Evelyne Huber Stephens, John D. Stephens (1992) ‘Capitalist Development and Democracy’, Contemporary Sociology pp. 243-248.
Guillermo O’Donnell and Philippe C. Schmitter (1986), ‘Opening (and Undermining) Authoritarian Regimes in Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Tentative Conclusions About Uncertain Democracies Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, pp. 15-36.
Ozan O. Varol (2012) ‘The Democratic Coup d’Etat’, Harvard International Law Journal 53(2), pp. 292-356.
Steven Levitsky and Lucan A. Way (2006) ‘Linkage versus Leverage: Rethinking the International Dimension of Regime Change’, Comparative Politics 38(4), pp. 379-400.
Steven Levitsky and Lucan A. Way (2002) ‘Elections Without Democracy: The Rise of Competitive Authoritarianism’, Journal of Democracy 13(2), pp. 51-65.
Cas Mudde and C. R. Kaltwasser (2017) Populism: A Very Short Introduction New York: OUP
Jan-Werner Müller (2016) What Is Populism? Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

References:

Mevcut Değil

Evaluation System

Semester Requirements	Number of Activities	Level of Contribution
Presentation	1	% 30
Midterms	1	% 30
Final	1	% 40
Total		% 100
PERCENTAGE OF SEMESTER WORK		% 60
PERCENTAGE OF FINAL WORK		% 40
Total		% 100

ECTS / Workload Table

Activities	Number of Activities	Workload
Course Hours	10	30
Study Hours Out of Class	10	116.5
Presentations / Seminar	1	0.5
Midterms	1	1.5
Final	1	1.5
Total Workload		150

Contribution of Learning Outcomes to Programme Outcomes

No Effect	1 Lowest	2 Low	3 Average	4 High	5 Highest

	Program Outcomes	Level of Contribution
1)	Integrates the knowledge, skills and attitudes acquired from basic and clinical medical sciences, behavioral sciences and social sciences, and uses them in health service delivery.
2)	In patient management, shows a biopsychosocial approach that takes into account the socio-demographic and sociocultural background of the individual, regardless of language, religion, race and gender.
3)	In the provision of health services, prioritizes the protection and development of the health of individuals and society.
4)	Taking into account the individual, societal, social and environmental factors affecting health; does the necessary work to maintain and improve the state of health.
5)	By recognizing the characteristics, needs and expectations of the target audience, provides health education to healthy/sick individuals and their relatives and other healthcare professionals.
6)	Shows a safe, rational and effective approach in health service delivery, prevention, diagnosis, treatment, follow-up and rehabilitation processes.
7)	Performs invasive and/or non-invasive procedures in diagnosis, treatment, follow-up and rehabilitation processes in a safe and effective way for the patient.
8)	Provides health services by considering patient and employee health and safety.
9)	In the provision of health services, takes into account the changes in the physical and socioeconomic environment on a regional and global scale, as well as the changes in the individual characteristics and behaviors of the people who apply to it.
10)	Takes good medical practice into account while carrying out his/her profession.
11)	Fulfills its duties and obligations within the framework of ethical principles, rights and legal responsibilities required by its profession.
12)	Demonstrates decisive behavior in providing high-quality health care, taking into account the integrity of the patient.
13)	Evaluates his/her performance in his/her professional practice by considering his/her emotions and cognitive characteristics.
14)	Advocates improving the provision of health services by considering the concepts of social reliability and social responsibility for the protection and development of public health.
15)	Can plan and carry out service delivery, training and consultancy processes related to individual and community health in cooperation with all components for the protection and development of health.
16)	Evaluates the impact of health policies and practices on individual and community health indicators and advocates increasing the quality of health services.
17)	The physician attaches importance to the protection of his/her own physical, mental and social health, and does what is necessary for this
18)	Shows exemplary behavior and leads the healthcare team during service delivery.
19)	Uses resources cost-effectively, for the benefit of society and in accordance with the legislation, in the planning, implementation and evaluation processes of health services in the health institution he/she is the manager of.
20)	Establishes positive communication within the health team it serves and assumes different team roles when necessary.
21)	Is aware of the duties and responsibilities of the health workers in the health team and acts accordingly.
22)	In the professional practices, works in harmony and effectively with the colleagues and other professional groups.
23)	Communicates effectively with patients, their relatives, healthcare professionals, other professional groups, institutions and organizations.
24)	Communicates effectively with individuals and groups that require a special approach and have different socio-cultural characteristics.
25)	In the diagnosis, treatment, follow-up and rehabilitation processes, shows a patient-centered approach that associates the patient with the decision-making mechanisms.
26)	Plans and implements scientific research, when necessary, for the population it serves, and uses the results and/or the results of other research for the benefit of the society.
27)	Reaches and critically evaluates current literature knowledge about his/her profession.
28)	Applies the principles of evidence-based medicine in clinical decision making.
29)	Uses information technologies to increase the effectiveness of its work on health care, research and education.
30)	Effectively manages individual work processes and career development.
31)	Demonstrates skills in acquiring and evaluating new knowledge, integrating it with existing knowledge, applying it to professional situations and adapting to changing conditions throughout professional life.
32)	Selects the right learning resources to improve the quality of the health service it offers, organizes its own learning process