MATHEMATICS
Bachelor	TR-NQF-HE: Level 6	QF-EHEA: First Cycle	EQF-LLL: Level 6

Course Introduction and Application Information

Course Code	Course Name	Semester	Theoretical	Practical	Credit	ECTS
POL2731	Electoral Systems and Party Systems	Spring	3	0	3	6

This catalog is for information purposes. Course status is determined by the relevant department at the beginning of semester.

Basic information

Language of instruction:	English
Type of course:	Non-Departmental Elective
Course Level:	Bachelor’s Degree (First Cycle)
Mode of Delivery:	Face to face
Course Coordinator :	Assoc. Prof. ESRA ALBAYRAKOĞLU
Course Lecturer(s):	Dr. Öğr. Üyesi ARDA CAN KUMBARACIBAŞI
Recommended Optional Program Components:	None.
Course Objectives:	This course provides the analytical knowledge and practical skills to understand party and electoral politics around the world. It addresses a wide range of important topics such as: parties and their definition, origins and evolution of parties, classification of parties and party types, parties in democratic and non-democratic regimes, importance and features of parties, party organizations, party members and membership, parties in parliaments, party leaders and leadership theories, major theories of parties, voters, voting behavior, types of vtoting, representation and theories of representation, elections, types of elections, electoral rules, electoral systems, and problems relating to different systems, and finally the major distinctions between parliamentary and presidential types of systems. The course also provides case examples for comparative purposes.

Learning Outcomes

The students who have succeeded in this course;
The students who have succeeded in this course;

1. Grasp the basic concepts of democracy and party politics.
2. Examine how political regimes vary from liberal to illiberal – electoral democracies to authoritarian and totalitarian systems.
3. Compare the governmental systems of major industrial and post – industrial societies and of the major countries of the less developed world by looking at party politics and systems.
4. Identify strengths and weaknesses of parliamentary and presidential systems of government on the basis of concrete cases.
5. Identify strengths and weaknesses of centralized, devolved and federal state systems on the basis of concrete cases.
6. Identify strengths and weaknesses of majority, proportional representation and mixed election systems on the basis of concrete cases.
7. Recognize the importance of political parties, party systems and different types of elections in a variety of systems.
8. Evaluate recent trends in world politics.

Course Content

• Theories of Democracy
• Political Institutions
• Theories on Political Parties
• Party Systems and Organisations
• Representation and Voting Behaviour
• Electoral Systems
• Veto Actors
• Case Studies

Weekly Detailed Course Contents

Week	Subject	Related Preparation
1)	1st Week: Introduction to the Course
2)	2nd Week: Theories of Democracy	Ostrogorski, M. - Democracy & the Organization of Political Parties. Kirchheimer, O. - The Transformation of Western European Party Systems.
3)	3rd Week: Representation, Delegation, and Accountability	Strøm, K. & Müller, W.C. - Policy, Office, or Votes? How Political Parties in Western Europe Make Hard Decisions.
4)	4th Week: Governance, Political Culture, and New Citizen Politics	Gallagher, M., Laver, M. & Mair, P. - Representative Government in Modern Europe.
5)	5th Week: Presidential vs Parliamentary Systems	Michels, R. - Political Parties: A Sociological Study of the Organizational Tendencies in Modern Democracies.
6)	6th Week: Political Parties, Organizations and Membership	Panebianco, A. - Political Parties: Organization & Power.
7)	Midterm
8)	8th Week: Theories on Parties	Hirschman, A.O. - Exit, Voice, & Loyalty: Responses to Decline in Firms, Organizations, & States.
9)	9th Week: Party Systems	Sartori, G. - Parties & Party Systems: A Framework for Analysis.
10)	10th Week: Participation, Voting Behavior and Elections	Diamond, L. & Gunther, R. - Political Parties & Democracy.
11)	11th Week: Electoral Systems	Lipset, S.M. & Rokkan, S. - Party Systems & Voter Alignments.
12)	12th Week: Party Politics and Elections in Europe	Kitschelt, H. - The Logics of Party Formation: Ecological Politics in Belgium & West Germany.
13)	13th Week: Party Politics and Elections in the US	Ware, A. - Political Parties & Party Systems. Mair, P. - Party System Change.
14)	14th Week: Party Politics and Elections in Turkey	Sayarı, S. & Esmer, Y. – Politics, Parties and Elections in Turkey.

Sources

Course Notes / Textbooks:

Diamond, L. & Gunther, R. - Political Parties & Democracy.
Gallagher, M., Laver, M. & Mair, P. - Representative Government in Modern Europe.
Gunther, R., Montero, J.R. & Linz, J.J. - Political Parties: Old Concepts & New Challenges.
Hirschman, A.O. - Exit, Voice, & Loyalty: Responses to Decline in Firms, Organizations, & States.
Katz, R.S. & Mair, P. - How Parties Organize: Change & Adaptation in Party Organization in Western Democracies.
Kirchheimer, O. - The Transformation of Western European Party Systems.
Kitschelt, H. - The Logics of Party Formation: Ecological Politics in Belgium & West Germany.
Laver, M. & Benoit, K. - Party Policy in Modern Democracies.
Lipset, S.M. & Rokkan, S. - Party Systems & Voter Alignments.
Michels, R. - Political Parties: A Sociological Study of the Organizational Tendencies in Modern Democracies.
Ostrogorski, M. - Democracy & the Organization of Political Parties.
Panebianco, A. - Political Parties: Organization & Power.
Sartori, G. - Parties & Party Systems: A Framework for Analysis.
Strøm, K. & Müller, W.C. - Policy, Office, or Votes? How Political Parties in Western Europe Make Hard Decisions.
Ware, A. - Political Parties & Party Systems.
Mair, P. - Party System Change.
Sayarı, S. & Esmer, Y. – Politics, Parties and Elections in Turkey.

References:

Articles in Course Package
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Ders Paketindeki Makaleler

Evaluation System

Semester Requirements	Number of Activities	Level of Contribution
Midterms	1	% 40
Final	1	% 60
Total		% 100
PERCENTAGE OF SEMESTER WORK		% 40
PERCENTAGE OF FINAL WORK		% 60
Total		% 100

ECTS / Workload Table

Activities	Number of Activities	Workload
Course Hours	14	42
Study Hours Out of Class	14	102
Midterms	1	2
Final	1	2
Total Workload		148

Contribution of Learning Outcomes to Programme Outcomes

No Effect	1 Lowest	2 Low	3 Average	4 High	5 Highest

	Program Outcomes	Level of Contribution
1)	To have a grasp of basic mathematics, applied mathematics and theories and applications in Mathematics
2)	To be able to understand and assess mathematical proofs and construct appropriate proofs of their own and also define and analyze problems and to find solutions based on scientific methods,
3)	To be able to apply mathematics in real life with interdisciplinary approach and to discover their potentials,
4)	To be able to acquire necessary information and to make modeling in any field that mathematics is used and to improve herself/himself,	4
5)	To be able to tell theoretical and technical information easily to both experts in detail and non-experts in basic and comprehensible way,
6)	To be familiar with computer programs used in the fields of mathematics and to be able to use at least one of them effectively at the European Computer Driving Licence Advanced Level,
7)	To be able to behave in accordance with social, scientific and ethical values in each step of the projects involved and to be able to introduce and apply projects in terms of civic engagement,
8)	To be able to evaluate all processes effectively and to have enough awareness about quality management by being conscious and having intellectual background in the universal sense,	4
9)	By having a way of abstract thinking, to be able to connect concrete events and to transfer solutions, to be able to design experiments, collect data, and analyze results by scientific methods and to interfere,
10)	To be able to continue lifelong learning by renewing the knowledge, the abilities and the competencies which have been developed during the program, and being conscious about lifelong learning,
11)	To be able to adapt and transfer the knowledge gained in the areas of mathematics ; such as algebra, analysis, number theory, mathematical logic, geometry and topology to the level of secondary school,
12)	To be able to conduct a research either as an individual or as a team member, and to be effective in each related step of the project, to take role in the decision process, to plan and manage the project by using time effectively.