LAW
Bachelor	TR-NQF-HE: Level 6	QF-EHEA: First Cycle	EQF-LLL: Level 6

Course Introduction and Application Information

Course Code	Course Name	Semester	Theoretical	Practical	Credit	ECTS
BME4005	Laser-Tissue Interactions	Fall	3	0	3	6

This catalog is for information purposes. Course status is determined by the relevant department at the beginning of semester.

Basic information

Language of instruction:	English
Type of course:	Non-Departmental Elective
Course Level:	Bachelor’s Degree (First Cycle)
Mode of Delivery:	Face to face
Course Coordinator :	Dr. Öğr. Üyesi BURCU TUNÇ ÇAMLIBEL
Course Objectives:	The aim of this course is to provide a thorough understanding of the basic physical principles which underlie therapeutic uses of lasers in medicine. Laser-tissue interaction mechanisms will be examined.

Learning Outcomes

The students who have succeeded in this course;
On completion successful students will be able to understand the mechanisms describing the interaction of laser radiation with biological tissue, spectroscopic and diagnostic optical applications of lasers in medicine, selected applications of lasers and optical techniques which are presently important in medicine.

Course Content

Wave motion, electromagnetic theory, electromagnetic spectrum, propagation of light , measurement of optical properties of tissues, optics, microscopy, lasers, mechanisms of laser-tissue ineractions, lasers in surgery, tissue welding, laser tweezers, lasers in imaging, diagnostic applications, electrosurgery versus laser surgery, laser safety.

Weekly Detailed Course Contents

Week	Subject	Related Preparation
1)	Introduction, wave motion; plane, spherical and cylindrical waves, Electromagnetic theory, electromagnetic waves, energy and momentum of radiation. Dipole emission, emission and absorption by atoms and molecules, black body radiation, electromagnetic spectrum.
2)	Propagation of light: reflection, refraction, scattering, interference and diffraction. Measurement of optical properties of tissue, Geometrical optics, fiberoptics. Microscopy and limits of resolution, mechanisms of contrast.
3)	Eye and vision, perception of color. Spontaneous and stimulated emission, principle of laser, cavity modes, lasing media, pumping mechanisms, continuous and pulsed regimes.
4)	"Mechanisms of laser-tissue interactions I: Photochemical. Photodynamic therapy, photostimulation, cytotoxicity of UV light."
5)	Mechanisms of laser-tissue interactions II: Photothermal. Heat generation, heat conduction and distribution. Thermal damage to tissue. Laser-Induced Interstitial Thermotherapy (LIIT).
6)	Mechanisms of laser-tissue interactions III: Photomechanical. Explosive evaporation, shock and acoustic waves, cavitation, jet formation.
7)	Mechanisms of laser-tissue interactions IV: Dielectric breakdown, plasma-mediated ablation.
8)	Lasers in Ophthalmology.
9)	Lasers in Dermatology.
10)	Lasers in General Surgery, Cardiovascular Surgery, Gynecology. Tissue welding. Low power lasers. Micromanipulation and cell surgery.
11)	Lasers in Imaging.
12)	Diagnostic applications: Autofluorescence, Raman spectroscopy, Scattering Light Spectroscopy, Doppler velocimetry.
13)	"Electrosurgery: Mechanisms of interaction and tissue damage. Pros and cons vs. laser surgery."
14)	Laser safety: lasers classification.

Sources

Course Notes / Textbooks:	M. H. Niemz, Laser tissue interactions, Springer Verlag. ISBN 354-060-3638
References:	Lasers in Medical Science (SpringerLINK 1998-), Lasers in Surgery and Medicine (WILEY 1997-)

Evaluation System

Semester Requirements	Number of Activities	Level of Contribution
Presentation	1	% 40
Final	1	% 60
Total		% 100
PERCENTAGE OF SEMESTER WORK		% 40
PERCENTAGE OF FINAL WORK		% 60
Total		% 100

ECTS / Workload Table

Activities	Number of Activities	Duration (Hours)	Workload
Course Hours	14	3	42
Study Hours Out of Class	14	8	112
Midterms	2	2	4
Final	1	2	2
Total Workload			160

Contribution of Learning Outcomes to Programme Outcomes

No Effect	1 Lowest	2 Low	3 Average	4 High	5 Highest

	Program Outcomes	Level of Contribution
1)	List the relations between concepts and institutions related to various legal disciplines and this concepts and institutions.
2)	Have the knowledge of legal methodology and methods of comment.
3)	Comment the modern legal gains with the historical knowledge.
4)	Have the knowledge of philosophical currents of thought which are the bases of legal rules.
5)	Have the knowledge of legal regulations, judicial decisions and the scientific evaluations related to them.
6)	Resolve the juridical disagreements in light of legal acts, juridical decisions and doctrine.
7)	Use at least one foreign language as scientific language.
8)	Have the knowledge of the political and juridical foundation of the state.
9)	Have the knowledge of the historical development of the rights of individuals and societies and of the basic documents which are accepted throughout this development.
10)	Have the ability to resolve the disagreements which can violate the social order in national or international level.
11)	Have the ability to prevent the juridical disagreements between individuals.
12)	Have the knowledge of international and comparative law systems.
13)	Have the knowledge of the construction and the conduct of the national and international commercial relations.
14)	Use Turkish in an efficient way both verbal and written.
15)	Have the professional and ethical responsibility.
16)	Have the knowledge on the European Union’s legislation and institutions.
17)	Have the knowledge on juridical regulations and applications related to economical and financial mechanisms.
18)	Have the knowledge of the operation of the national and the international judicial bodies.