BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
Bachelor TR-NQF-HE: Level 6 QF-EHEA: First Cycle EQF-LLL: Level 6

Course Introduction and Application Information

Course Code Course Name Semester Theoretical Practical Credit ECTS
BME4322 Ultrasound Techniques Spring 3 0 3 6
The course opens with the approval of the Department at the beginning of each semester

Basic information

Language of instruction: En
Type of course: Departmental Elective
Course Level: Bachelor
Mode of Delivery: Face to face
Course Coordinator : Dr. Öğr. Üyesi İREM DEMİRKAN
Course Objectives: Teaching physical properties of ultrasound, methods of ultrasound generation, ultrasound absorption of tissues, differences of various tissues in absorption of ultrasound, characteristic impedance of tissues and penetration of ultrasound, teaching applications of diagnostic and therapeutic ultrasound. Midterm and final exams will be held face to face.

Learning Outputs

The students who have succeeded in this course;
On completion of the course, the student will have the following abilities :

1. Explain how ultrasound interacts with tissue.
2. Understand where ultrasound imaging contrast comes from.
3. Describe how ultrasound signals are generated and detected.
4. Explain how anatomical ultrasound images are formed.
5. Explain attenuation processes of ultrasound within the human body and their effects upon resultant image quality.
6. Demonstrate basic understanding of characteristics of various transducer designs and construction.
7. Compare the different clinical approaches to performing ultrasound imaging and discuss emerging new applications of ultrasound.
8. Demonstrate in-depth knowledge and understanding of the biological effects and potential hazards of medical diagnostic ultrasound.






Course Content

This course offers a cohesive presentation of the physics and instrumentation of diagnostic medical ultrasound. It includes ultrasound wave characteristics, ultrasound propagation and attenuation in body tissue, ultrasonic transducers (or probes) and their beam properties. Various forms of modern diagnostic ultrasonic instrumentation, such as two-dimensional, real-time scanning machines, M-mode scanners, and Spectral-, Colour-, and Power-Doppler instruments, are strongly linked to fundamental physical principles in the course. Novel transducer- and imaging-technology approaches are also presented.

Weekly Detailed Course Contents

Week Subject Related Preparation
1) Introduction, overview of topics covered in this course. Fundamentals concepts. Importance and applications of ultrasound waves in medical practice.
2) Fundamentals of ultrasound: Physics of ultrasound, ultrasound - tissue interaction.
3) Fundamentals of ultrasound: Physics of ultrasound, ultrasound - tissue interaction (continued)
4) Generation and detection of ultrasound waves. Ultrasonic transducers and probes and transducer beam characteristics.
5) Principles of versatile technology of ultrasound such as brightness mode (B-mode), amplitude mode (A-mode), motion mode (M-mode), tissue harmonic imaging, Doppler imaging, 3D/4D imaging, contrast enhanced imaging and many more.
6) Principles of versatile technology of ultrasound such as brightness mode (B-mode), amplitude mode (A-mode), motion mode (M-mode), tissue harmonic imaging, Doppler imaging, 3D/4D imaging, contrast enhanced imaging and many more (continued)
7) Principles of versatile technology of ultrasound such as brightness mode (B-mode), amplitude mode (A-mode), motion mode (M-mode), tissue harmonic imaging, Doppler imaging, 3D/4D imaging, contrast enhanced imaging and many more (continued).
8) Midterm
9) Methods for measuring sound speed, attenuation, absorption, and scattering.
10) Biological effects of ultrasound waves and ultrasound applications in therapy.
11) Applications of ultrasound in therapy (continued)
12) Contrast media and harmonic imaging.
13) Special topics in ultrasound imaging : High-frequency imaging and acoustic microscopes.
14) Final Exam

Sources

Course Notes: 1. Detailed lecture notes will be distributed via ItsLearning Platform for each lecture. The subject content is defined by the material presented in lectures, so regular attendance is strongly recommended. 2. JoVE educational videos will also be offered to students to empower effective teaching of ultrasound imaging concepts methods during the course.
References: 1. Repacholi, Michael H., Martino Gandolfo, and Alessandro Rindi. Ultrasound: medical applications, biological effects, and hazard potential. Springer Science & Business Media, 2012. 2. Hagen-Ansert, Sandra L. Textbook of Diagnostic Sonography-E-Book: 2-Volume Set. Elsevier Health Sciences, 2013. 3. Owen, Cindy, RVT RT, and James A. Zagzebski. "Ultrasound Physics Review." Amazon Company, USA (2008). 4. Hussey, Matthew. Basic physics and technology of medical diagnostic ultrasound. Macmillan International Higher Education, 1985.

Evaluation System

Semester Requirements Number of Activities Level of Contribution
Attendance % 0
Laboratory % 0
Application % 0
Field Work % 0
Special Course Internship (Work Placement) % 0
Quizzes 5 % 10
Homework Assignments % 0
Presentation % 0
Project % 0
Seminar % 0
Midterms 1 % 30
Preliminary Jury % 0
Final 1 % 60
Paper Submission % 0
Jury % 0
Bütünleme % 0
Total % 100
PERCENTAGE OF SEMESTER WORK % 40
PERCENTAGE OF FINAL WORK % 60
Total % 100

ECTS / Workload Table

Activities Number of Activities Duration (Hours) Workload
Course Hours 14 3 42
Laboratory 7 2 14
Application 0 0 0
Special Course Internship (Work Placement) 0 0 0
Field Work 0 0 0
Study Hours Out of Class 16 4 64
Presentations / Seminar 0 0 0
Project 0 0 0
Homework Assignments 3 2 6
Quizzes 0 0 0
Preliminary Jury 0
Midterms 1 3 3
Paper Submission 0
Jury 0
Final 1 3 3
Total Workload 132

Contribution of Learning Outcomes to Programme Outcomes

No Effect 1 Lowest 2 Low 3 Average 4 High 5 Highest
           
Program Outcomes Level of Contribution
1) Adequate knowledge of subjects specific to mathematics (analysis, linear, algebra, differential equations, statistics), science (physics, chemistry, biology) and related engineering discipline, and the ability to use theoretical and applied knowledge in these fields in complex engineering problems.
2) Identify, formulate, and solve complex Biomedical Engineering problems; select and apply proper modeling and analysis methods for this purpose
3) Design complex Biomedical systems, processes, devices or products under realistic constraints and conditions, in such a way as to meet the desired result; apply modern design methods for this purpose.
4) Devise, select, and use modern techniques and tools needed for solving complex problems in Biomedical Engineering practice; employ information technologies effectively.
5) Design and conduct numerical or physical experiments, collect data, analyze and interpret results for investigating the complex problems specific to Biomedical Engineering.
6) Cooperate efficiently in intra-disciplinary and multi-disciplinary teams; and show self-reliance when working on Biomedical Engineering-related problems.
7) Ability to communicate effectively in Turkish, oral and written, to have gained the level of English language knowledge (European Language Portfolio B1 general level) to follow the innovations in the field of Biomedical Engineering; gain the ability to write and understand written reports effectively, to prepare design and production reports, to make effective presentations, to give and receive clear and understandable instructions.
8) Recognize the need for life-long learning; show ability to access information, to follow developments in science and technology, and to continuously educate oneself.
9) Having knowledge for the importance of acting in accordance with the ethical principles of biomedical engineering and the awareness of professional responsibility and ethical responsibility and the standards used in biomedical engineering applications
10) Learn about business life practices such as project management, risk management, and change management; develop an awareness of entrepreneurship, innovation, and sustainable development.
11) Acquire knowledge about the effects of practices of Biomedical Engineering on health, environment, security in universal and social scope, and the contemporary problems of Biomedical Engineering; is aware of the legal consequences of Mechatronics engineering solutions.