| Course Objectives: |
The aim of this course is to provide a thorough understanding of the basic physical principles which underlie therapeutic uses of lasers in medicine. Laser-tissue interaction mechanisms will be examined.
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| Course Content: |
Wave motion, electromagnetic theory, electromagnetic spectrum, propagation of light , measurement of optical properties of tissues, optics, microscopy, lasers, mechanisms of laser-tissue ineractions, lasers in surgery, tissue welding, laser tweezers, lasers in imaging, diagnostic applications, electrosurgery versus laser surgery, laser safety.
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| Week |
Subject |
Related Preparation |
| 1) |
Introduction, wave motion; plane, spherical and cylindrical waves, Electromagnetic theory, electromagnetic waves, energy and momentum of radiation. Dipole emission, emission and absorption by atoms and molecules, black body radiation, electromagnetic spectrum.
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| 2) |
Propagation of light: reflection, refraction, scattering, interference and diffraction. Measurement of optical properties of tissue, Geometrical optics, fiberoptics. Microscopy and limits of resolution, mechanisms of contrast.
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| 3) |
Eye and vision, perception of color. Spontaneous and stimulated emission, principle of laser, cavity modes, lasing media, pumping mechanisms, continuous and pulsed regimes.
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| 4) |
"Mechanisms of laser-tissue interactions I: Photochemical. Photodynamic therapy,
photostimulation, cytotoxicity of UV light."
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| 5) |
Mechanisms of laser-tissue interactions II: Photothermal. Heat generation, heat conduction and distribution. Thermal damage to tissue. Laser-Induced Interstitial Thermotherapy (LIIT).
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| 6) |
Mechanisms of laser-tissue interactions III: Photomechanical. Explosive evaporation, shock and acoustic waves, cavitation, jet formation.
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| 7) |
Mechanisms of laser-tissue interactions IV: Dielectric breakdown, plasma-mediated ablation.
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| 8) |
Lasers in Ophthalmology.
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| 9) |
Lasers in Dermatology.
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| 10) |
Lasers in General Surgery, Cardiovascular Surgery, Gynecology. Tissue welding. Low power lasers. Micromanipulation and cell surgery.
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| 11) |
Lasers in Imaging.
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| 12) |
Diagnostic applications: Autofluorescence, Raman spectroscopy, Scattering Light Spectroscopy, Doppler velocimetry.
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| 13) |
"Electrosurgery: Mechanisms of interaction and tissue damage. Pros and cons vs.
laser surgery."
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| 14) |
Laser safety: lasers classification.
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Program Outcomes |
Level of Contribution |
| 1) |
Being familiar to the main concepts and methods of the social sciences and the fine arts devoted to understanding the world and the society |
4 |
| 2) |
Having comprehensive knowledge regarding different media and branches of art |
3 |
| 3) |
Knowing the historical background of audio-visual moving images in the world and in Turkey and keeping pace with the new developments in the area |
1 |
| 4) |
Having a good command of the language and the aesthetics of audio-visual moving images in the world and in Turkey |
1 |
| 5) |
Being able to create a narrative that could be used in a fiction or a non-fiction audio-visual moving image product |
2 |
| 6) |
Being able to write a script ready to be shot |
2 |
| 7) |
Having the skills to produce the photoboard of a script in hand and to shoot the film using the camera, the lights and other necessary equipment |
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| 8) |
Being able to transfer the footage of a film to the digital medium, to edit and do other post-production operations |
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| 9) |
Being able to create a documentary audio visual moving image from the preliminary sketch stage to shooting, editing and post-production stages |
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| 10) |
Being able to produce an audio visual moving image for television and audio products for radio from preliminary stages through shooting and editing to the post-production stage |
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| 11) |
Being culturally and theoretically equipped to make sense of an audio-visual moving image, to approach it critically with regard to its language and narration and being able to express his/her approach in black and white |
3 |
| 12) |
Having ethical values and a sense of social responsibility |
5 |